Thrusting

Two-bar bearish continuation, deeper than In-Neck but short of a piercing reversal. A long black candle in a decline is followed by a white candle that opens below the black bar's low and closes well into the black body — but still below its midpoint, so the bounce is not yet a reversal.

Quick reference

Field	Value
Family	Candlestick Patterns
Input type	Candle
Output type	f64 — -1.0 bearish, 0.0 otherwise (never +1.0)
Output range	{-1.0, 0.0}
Default parameters	none — Thrusting::new()
Warmup period	2 (first bar always 0.0)
Interpretation	Bearish continuation; deepest bounce that is still not a reversal

Formula

long body = |close − open| >= 0.5 · (high − low)
bar1 black & long
bar2 white, opens below bar1's low:  open2 < low1
bar2 closes above the in-neck zone but below the body midpoint:
     close1 + 0.1·body1 < close2 < midpoint(open1, close1)

Bearish-only (never +1.0). A close at or above the midpoint would be a piercing pattern (a reversal) instead. See crates/wickra-core/src/indicators/thrusting.rs.

Parameters

None. Constructed with Thrusting::new().

Signed ±1 encoding

Single-direction shape: −1.0 bearish, 0.0 no pattern — one feature-matrix dimension.

Inputs / Outputs

use wickra::{Indicator, Thrusting, Candle};
// Thrusting: Input = Candle, Output = f64
const _: fn(&mut Thrusting, Candle) -> Option<f64> = <Thrusting as Indicator>::update;

• Always emits a value. Never None; warmup and no-match bars return 0.0.
• Node. update(open, high, low, close) → number; batch(open, high, low, close) → Array<number>.
• Python. update(candle) → float; batch(open, high, low, close) → 1-D numpy.ndarray (0.0 on warmup / no-match).

Warmup

warmup_period() == 2. The first bar returns 0.0 (first_bar_returns_zero, accessors_and_metadata).

Edge cases

• Shallow close. A close still in the in-neck zone is In-Neck, not Thrusting (shallow_close_yields_zero).
• Close past the midpoint. A close at/above mid-body is a piercing reversal, not a thrust (close_past_midpoint_yields_zero).
• Second bar must be white. Otherwise 0.0 (second_bar_black_yields_zero).
• Reset. reset() clears the one-bar cache (reset_clears_state).

Examples

Rust

use wickra::{Candle, Indicator, Thrusting};

fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    let mut t = Thrusting::new();
    println!("{:?}", t.update(Candle::new(15.0, 15.1, 9.0, 10.0, 1.0, 0)?)); // long black, mid 12.5
    println!("{:?}", t.update(Candle::new(7.0, 11.6, 6.9, 11.5, 1.0, 1)?));  // white, closes below mid
    Ok(())
}

Output:

Some(0.0)
Some(-1.0)

The white bar closes at 11.5 — well into the black body (10, 15) but below its midpoint 12.5 — a thrusting line. This matches thrusting_is_minus_one.

Python

import numpy as np
import wickra as ta

o = np.array([15.0, 7.0])
h = np.array([15.1, 11.6])
l = np.array([9.0,  6.9])
c = np.array([10.0, 11.5])

print(ta.Thrusting().batch(o, h, l, c))  # [ 0. -1.]

Node

const ta = require('wickra');
const t = new ta.Thrusting();
t.update(15, 15.1, 9, 10);
console.log(t.update(7, 11.6, 6.9, 11.5)); // -1

Streaming

use wickra::{Candle, Indicator, Thrusting};

let mut t = Thrusting::new();
let candle_stream: Vec<wickra::Candle> = Vec::new(); // your live OHLCV candle feed
for bar in candle_stream {
    if t.update(bar) == Some(-1.0) { /* deep-but-failed bounce — downtrend continuation */ }
}

Interpretation

1. The line in the sand. A thrust closes deep into the body yet stops below the midpoint — the last bearish-continuation rung before the bounce becomes a piercing reversal.
2. Watch the midpoint. If the next attempt clears mid-body, treat it as a reversal instead.
3. Confirm with the trend. Continuation pattern; needs a decline.

Common pitfalls

• Mistaking it for piercing. The midpoint is the dividing line — a close at or above it flips the read to bullish reversal.
• No downtrend context. Only meaningful inside a decline.

References

• Steve Nison, Japanese Candlestick Charting Techniques (1991).

See also

• OnNeck / InNeck — shallower bounces.
• PiercingDarkCloud — the reversal past mid-body.
• Indicators-Overview — the full taxonomy.