HikkakeModified

Close-confirmed variant of the Hikkake trap. An inside bar is followed by a bar that breaks out and is immediately rejected — it pierces the inside bar's range intrabar but closes back inside, a stronger signal than the plain breakout setup.

Quick reference

Field	Value
Family	Candlestick Patterns
Input type	Candle
Output type	f64 — +1.0 bullish, -1.0 bearish, 0.0 otherwise
Output range	{-1.0, 0.0, +1.0}
Default parameters	none — HikkakeModified::new()
Warmup period	3 (first two bars always 0.0)
Interpretation	Close-confirmed failed-breakout trap

Formula

inside bar:  bar2.high < bar1.high  &&  bar2.low > bar1.low
bullish (+1.0): bar3 makes a lower high AND lower low than bar2,
                yet closes back above the inside-bar low   (close3 > bar2.low)
bearish (-1.0): bar3 makes a higher high AND higher low than bar2,
                yet closes back below the inside-bar high  (close3 < bar2.high)

The extra close-recovery condition is what distinguishes it from the plain Hikkake, which fires on the high/low break alone. See crates/wickra-core/src/indicators/hikkake_modified.rs.

Parameters

None. Constructed with HikkakeModified::new().

Signed ±1 encoding

Emits the uniform candlestick sign convention — +1.0 bullish, −1.0 bearish, 0.0 no pattern — a single feature-matrix dimension.

Inputs / Outputs

use wickra::{Indicator, HikkakeModified, Candle};
// HikkakeModified: Input = Candle, Output = f64
const _: fn(&mut HikkakeModified, Candle) -> Option<f64> = <HikkakeModified as Indicator>::update;

• Always emits a value. Never None; warmup and no-match bars return 0.0.
• Node. update(open, high, low, close) → number; batch(open, high, low, close) → Array<number>.
• Python. update(candle) → float; batch(open, high, low, close) → 1-D numpy.ndarray (0.0 on warmup / no-match).

Warmup

warmup_period() == 3. The first two bars return 0.0 (first_two_bars_return_zero, accessors_and_metadata).

Edge cases

• Break must be rejected at the close. A break that does not recover back inside the inside-bar range yields 0.0 (break_without_close_recovery_yields_zero).
• Bar 2 must be an inside bar. Otherwise 0.0 (not_inside_bar_yields_zero).
• Reset. reset() clears the two-bar cache (reset_clears_state).

Examples

Rust

use wickra::{Candle, Indicator, HikkakeModified};

fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    let mut t = HikkakeModified::new();
    println!("{:?}", t.update(Candle::new(10.0, 15.0, 5.0, 12.0, 1.0, 0)?)); // wide bar
    println!("{:?}", t.update(Candle::new(11.0, 13.0, 8.0, 12.0, 1.0, 1)?)); // inside bar
    println!("{:?}", t.update(Candle::new(9.0, 12.0, 6.0, 9.0, 1.0, 2)?));   // lower break, closes back above 8
    Ok(())
}

Output:

Some(0.0)
Some(0.0)
Some(1.0)

Bar3 breaks below the inside bar (low 6 < 8) but closes at 9.0, back above the inside-bar low 8 — a close-confirmed bullish modified hikkake. This matches bullish_modified_hikkake_is_plus_one.

Python

import numpy as np
import wickra as ta

o = np.array([10.0, 11.0, 9.0])
h = np.array([15.0, 13.0, 12.0])
l = np.array([5.0,  8.0,  6.0])
c = np.array([12.0, 12.0, 9.0])

print(ta.HikkakeModified().batch(o, h, l, c))  # [0. 0. 1.]

Node

const ta = require('wickra');
const t = new ta.HikkakeModified();
t.update(10, 15, 5, 12);
t.update(11, 13, 8, 12);
console.log(t.update(9, 12, 6, 9)); // 1

Streaming

use wickra::{Candle, Indicator, HikkakeModified};

let mut t = HikkakeModified::new();
let candle_stream: Vec<wickra::Candle> = Vec::new(); // your live OHLCV candle feed
for bar in candle_stream {
    match t.update(bar) {
        Some(1.0)  => { /* rejected downside break — lean long */ }
        Some(-1.0) => { /* rejected upside break — lean short */ }
        _ => {}
    }
}

Interpretation

1. Stronger than plain hikkake. The close-back-inside rejection is firmer evidence the breakout failed — fewer false positives than the bare range break.
2. Fade the trap. Lean in the direction opposite the failed break.
3. Range markets. Like the plain hikkake, most useful in choppy ranges.

Common pitfalls

• Break that holds. If the close does not recover inside the inside-bar range, this is a real break, not a trap — no signal.
• Confusing with plain hikkake. Hikkake needs only the high/low break; this one also needs the close recovery.

References

• Daniel Chesler, "Inside Bars / Hikkake Pattern" (technical-analysis literature); Steve Nison, Japanese Candlestick Charting Techniques (1991).

See also

• Hikkake — the plain break-only variant.
• Harami — the inside-bar reversal pattern.
• Indicators-Overview — the full taxonomy.